Template:On this day - December 13

Martín de Azpilcueta

• 1204 – Death of Maimonides, Sephardic physician, theologian and rabbi of al-Andalus (b. 1135).
• 1474 – Isabella the Catholic is proclaimed Queen of Castile and León in Segovia.
• 1492 – Birth of Martín de Azpilcueta, Spanish religious, philosopher and theologian (d. 1586).
• 1523 – The first Spanish exploration, under the command of Juan Rodríguez de Villafuerte, arrives in Acapulco (Mexico) and names the bay Santa Lucía.
• 1527 – In New Spain, the Real Audiencia of Mexico is created, whose first president was Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán.
• 1540 – Pedro de Valdivia reaches present-day Santiago de Chile and names the Huelén hill Santa Lucía hill.
• 1865 – The governments of Peru and Spain (in the course of the Spanish–South American War, known in Spain as the War of the Pacific) break off negotiations and officially declare war on each other.
• 1938 – In Spain, the ONCE (Organización Nacional de Ciegos de España) is created.
• 1960 – In the city of Managua (Nicaragua), the Governments of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua found the Central American Bank for Economic Integration.
• 1981 – At the headquarters of the UN, the Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar is elected Secretary-General of the United Nations.
• 1983 – In Buenos Aires (Argentina), President Raúl Alfonsín publicly announces the decree ordering the prosecution of the military members who ruled the nation as a dictatorship between 1976 and 1983.
• 1991 – In Tegucigalpa (Honduras), the presidents of the countries of Central America approve the creation of the Central American Integration System.
• 1995 – In Spain, Camilo José Cela receives the Miguel de Cervantes Prize.
• 1998 – In Puerto Rico, Puerto Ricans reject full integration with the United States in a referendum for the third time.
• 2004 – In Chile, the dictator Augusto Pinochet is placed under house arrest on charges of 9 kidnappings followed by murder.
• 2010 – Death of Valentín García Yebra, Spanish academic, philologist and translator (b. 1917).