Template:On this day - September 23

Pablo Neruda

• 1461 – Death of Charles of Viana, Infante of Aragon and of Navarre, Prince of Viana and of Girona, Duke of Gandía and of Montblanc, and titular King of Navarre as Charles IV (b. 1421).
• 1519 – In New Spain (present-day Mexico), the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés enters Tlaxcala.
• 1568 – In New Spain (present-day Mexico), the Spanish navy defeats the English fleet under John Hawkins at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa, near Veracruz.
• 1572 – Fernando Álvarez de Toledo (Duke of Alba) recovers Mons (in present-day Belgium), which would become the capital of the Spanish Netherlands.
• 1728 – In Madrid, Philip V of Spain officially approves the foundation of the Royal and Pontifical University of Havana, in the Captaincy General of Cuba.
• 1850 – General José Gervasio Artigas, leader of the independence of Uruguay, dies in exile in Paraguay.
• 1899 – During the Philippine–American War, an American squadron destroys the only Filipino battery at the Battle of Olongapo.
• 1911 – In Puerto Rico, the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez is founded.
• 1922 – In Washington, D.C. (United States), the Hughes–Peynado Plan is signed, ending the American occupation of the Dominican Republic.
• 1943 – Birth of Julio Iglesias, Spanish singer, songwriter, musician, producer, former footballer, lawyer and businessman, the best-selling Spanish-language artist in the world and the musical figure with the most recordings in different languages.
• 1947 – In Buenos Aires, Congress promulgates the law establishing women's suffrage, promoted by Eva Perón, wife of the constitutional President Juan Perón.
• 1955 – In Argentina, the coup d'état that overthrew the constitutional President Juan Domingo Perón is completed.
• 1956 – In Mexico, the army violently takes over the boarding school of the National Polytechnic Institute.
• 1968 – In Mexico, the army invades the premises of the National Polytechnic Institute at the Casco de Santo Tomás, capturing and killing a large number of students.
• 1973 – Death of Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and politician, Nobel Prize in Literature laureate in 1971 (b. 1904).
• 1973 – In Argentina, Juan Domingo Perón (who had been constitutional president and was proscribed after a coup d'état overthrew him in 1955) is elected president again with 62% of the vote.
• 1983 – At the Constituyentes Atomic Center in San Martín (Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina), the RA-2 reactor nuclear accident occurs, the most serious in the history of nuclear development in Argentina.
• 2005 – Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, Puerto Rican pro-independence revolutionary, is killed by FBI special agents (b. 1933).
• 2008 – Death of Pedro Masó, Spanish director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1927).