Template:On this day - September 1

Vasco Núñez de Balboa

• 672 – In Visigothic Hispania, the reign of King Wamba begins.
• 1054 – The Battle of Atapuerca takes place between Ferdinand I of León and his brother García Sánchez III, of the Kingdom of Navarre (present-day Spain).
• 1453 – Birth of Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Castilian nobleman and military commander known as the "Great Captain" (d. 1515).
• 1513 – The expedition of Vasco Núñez de Balboa sets out from Santa María la Antigua del Darién (present-day Colombia); it will cross the Isthmus of Panama and reach the Pacific Ocean.
• 1709 – Birth of Domingo de Basavilbaso, Spanish businessman and politician, founder of the postal service in the Río de la Plata (d. 1775).
• 1730 – On the island of Lanzarote (Spain), the Timanfaya volcano erupts.
• 1802 – In Buenos Aires, Juan Hipólito Vieytes puts on sale the first issue of the Semanario de Agricultura, Industria y Comercio.
• 1823 – Simón Bolívar arrives in Lima and assumes supreme political and military authority over Peru.
• 1851 – In Havana (Cuba), Narciso López, leader of the insurrection, is executed by firing squad.
• 1870 – Cirilo Antonio Rivarola is appointed provisional President of Paraguay.
• 1882 – General Ulises Heureaux takes office for his first term as President of the Dominican Republic.
• 1891 – In Argentina, Juan Vucetich founds the first fingerprint identification laboratory; this date will later be established as World Dactyloscopy Day.
• 1932 – Peruvian troops enter Leticia, starting the Colombia–Peru War.
• 1974 – In Nicaragua, Anastasio Somoza Debayle is reelected President.
• 1982 – In Mexico, during his last state of the nation report, President José López Portillo announces the nationalization of the banks.
• 1999 – In Panama, Mireya Moscoso assumes the presidency, the first Panamanian woman to do so.
• 2022 – In Argentina, Vice President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner survives a failed assassination attempt.