Template:On this day - November 12

Juana Inés de la Cruz

• 472 – Birth of Emilian of Cogolla, hermit, disciple of Felix of Bilibio (d. 573).
• 1651 – Birth of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, New Spanish poet and playwright, known as «The Tenth Muse».
• 1730 – Death of Juan de Cabrera, Spanish Jesuit theologian, philosopher and writer (b. 1658).
• 1863 – In the hamlet of Loma Blanca (Argentina), Chacho Peñaloza surrenders to his cousin Ricardo Vera and is speared to death and beheaded. Thus ends the Argentine resistance against the Unitarian Government of Buenos Aires.
• 1864 – In Asunción (Paraguay), President Francisco Solano López orders the capture of the Brazilian ship Marquês de Olinda, an action that triggers the start of the War of the Triple Alliance.
• 1878 – In the United States, President Rutherford B. Hayes issues the arbitral award on the region of the Chaco Boreal bounded by the Paraguay, Pilcomayo and Verde rivers, which settled the boundary dispute between Argentina and Paraguay that arose after the War of the Triple Alliance.
• 1886 – Birth of Alfonso de Orleans y Borbón, Infante of Spain and Spanish military aviator (d. 1975).
• 1912 – In the Puerta del Sol (Madrid), the President of the Council of Ministers of Spain, José Canalejas, is assassinated.
• 1956 – Death of Juan Negrín, Spanish scientist and politician, President of the Government during the Second Republic (b. 1892).
• 1974 – In the Dominican Republic, the Universidad Tecnológica de Santiago (UTESA) is founded.
• 1985 – The UN Decolonization Committee approves by consensus a resolution urging the governments of Spain and the United Kingdom to pursue negotiations for a definitive solution of the Gibraltar dispute.
• 1989 – Death of Dolores Ibárruri (La Pasionaria), leader of the Communist Party of Spain, exiled in Russia during the Franco regime (b. 1895).
• 1989 – In El Salvador, in the context of the insurgent offensive launched by the FMLN the day before, President Alfredo Cristiani orders a military intervention at the University of El Salvador.
• 1996 – The UN General Assembly votes by a large majority against the United States embargo against Cuba.
• 2005 – The Real Academia Española and the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language officially present the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas.