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Íñigo López de Mendoza
| El Gran Tendilla | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Íñigo López de Mendoza, First Marquis of Mondéjar. Francisco Díaz Carreño, copy of a portrait attributed to Juan Bautista de Espinosa. (Museo del Prado). | |
| 2nd Count of Tendilla, 1st Marquis of Mondéjar | |
| Born | 1440 Guadalajara |
| Died | July 20, 1515 Granada |
| Spouse | See Marriages and descendants |
| House | House of Mendoza Marquisate of Mondéjar County of Tendilla |
| Father | Íñigo López de Mendoza y Figueroa |
| Mother | Elvira de Quiñones |
Íñigo López de Mendoza y Quiñones (b. Guadalajara, Crown of Castile; 1440 – Granada, Spain; July 20, 1515) was a Spanish aristocrat, 1st Marquis of Mondéjar and 2nd Count of Tendilla, known as El Gran Tendilla ("the Great Tendilla"), of the House of Mendoza. He was the son of Íñigo López de Mendoza y Figueroa, 1st count of Tendilla, and grandson of the poet and powerful lord Íñigo López de Mendoza, the Marquis of Santillana. He was educated in his grandfather's household, but received his political and military training in the household of his father and of his uncle, Cardinal Mendoza.
Biography
He was educated in the palace-residence that his grandfather had in Guadalajara, the city where he was probably born. But he received his political and military training alongside his father, ambassador to Pope Pius II at the council of Mantua, and his uncle, the powerful Cardinal Mendoza.
He succeeded his father in 1479 as Count of Tendilla and attended the Cortes of Toledo of 1480 to pledge obedience to the Catholic Monarchs and to offer his services for the conquest of Granada. Appointed alcaide of Alhama, he had to defend it in 1484–1485, at his own expense, against the attempts at reconquest by Sultan Muley Hacén of Granada.
In 1486, the Catholic Monarchs appointed him ambassador to Pope Innocent VIII. The instructions he carried were very broad: a peace treaty between the Pope and the Kingdom of Naples, renewal of the bull favorable to the crusade of 1482, reform of the Church, and the King's right of presentation in the appointment of bishops. He also obtained from the Pope the recognition of the illegitimate sons of his uncle, the chancellor Pedro González de Mendoza, the Cardinal. The pontiff gave the Count a sword, now preserved in the Museo Lázaro Galdiano in Madrid. Also in Rome, the Count met the humanist Peter Martyr d'Anghiera, with whom he would maintain a deep friendship and whom he brought to Spain as tutor to his children.
On his return from Italy, in August 1487, he returned to the campaign against the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada after being appointed Adelantado Mayor of Andalusia, having under his command Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, called the Great Captain. He took part in many battles and held several offices during the war, including Alcaide of Alcalá la Real.
After the conquest of Granada from Boabdil, in January 1492, King Ferdinand appointed him alcaide of the Alhambra and Captain General of the Kingdom of Granada.
The Count put down the first Morisco uprising in Granada, 1500–1502, brought on by the mass conversions imposed by Cisneros, known as the revolt of the Albaicín. He would later command the troops against the Moriscos, who rose up again in the Alpujarras, together with the Great Captain and King Ferdinand.[1]
The Moriscos were content with the Count of Tendilla, who protected them from the Inquisition: "they would become Christians and would do everything that the Archbishop of Granada, Fray Hernando de Talavera, and the Count of Tendilla told them, provided that the Archbishop of Toledo left Granada, Cardinal Cisneros, who had arrived in Granada in 1499, and that they would lay down their arms."
— Lorenzo de Padilla.
On the death of Queen Isabella, in 1504, only the future Duke of Alba in Castile and he in Andalusia remained loyal to Ferdinand the Catholic, against those who supported Philip the Handsome, acting against the interests of the 3rd Duke of the Infantado. He also had disagreements with his cousin, the Marquis of Cenete, and with the Great Captain, when the latter was in his exile at Loja.
Íñigo López de Mendoza died in Granada in 1515, and a few days before his death he dictated his will to his secretary Juan de Luz, son of the artilleryman and resident of the Alhambra Gonzalo de Luz. He was buried in the chapel of the convent of San Francisco of the Alhambra (today a Parador Nacional),[2] where the remains of Queen Isabella also rested and where, a year later, the remains of his admired King would rest, while awaiting transfer to their final burial place, the Royal Chapel.
Marriages and descendants
He married first his cousin Marina Lasso de la Vega y Mendoza,[3] who brought to the marriage part of the town of Mondéjar, which he would finish purchasing from the Catholic Monarchs during his Italian embassy. His wife having died in 1477 without issue, Íñigo married secondly in 1480 the Castilian noblewoman Francisca Pacheco (d. 1507), daughter of Juan Pacheco, Marquis of Villena,[3] and they had several children:
- María de Mendoza y Pacheco, born before 1489, married in 1503 to Antonio de Mendoza y Zúñiga, 2nd Count of Monteagudo de Mendoza.[4]
- Luis Hurtado de Mendoza y Pacheco, 2nd Marquis of Mondéjar and 3rd Count of Tendilla, also friend and adviser of Charles I.
- Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco, first Viceroy of Mexico and second Viceroy of Peru.
- María Pacheco, wife of Juan de Padilla, the Comunero.
- Bernardino de Mendoza, captain of the Mediterranean galleys.
- Francisco de Mendoza, Bishop of Jaén.
- Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, poet, prose writer and ambassador of Charles I.
- Mencía de Mendoza, married to Pedro Carrillo, 11th Lord of Albornoz.[3]
In September 1512 he obtained from Ferdinand the Catholic the title of Marquis of Mondéjar, which was ratified nominally by Queen Joanna I of Castile.
Connection with the Alhambra
After the conquest of Granada by the Catholic Monarchs, in January 1492, King Ferdinand appointed him alcaide of the Alhambra. Until the 18th century, his family held the office of alcaide and the residence in the Palace of Yusuf.
References
- ↑ Los poderosos Mendoza, El Segundo Conde de Tendilla
- ↑ Hernández Castelló, M. ª Cristina. ""El memorial de las obras del convento de San Francisco de la Alhambra y el II conde de Tendilla"". BSAA arte, LXXV (2009), pp. 75-84 (in español).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Moxó y de Montoliu, Francisco de (1997). Estudios sobre las relaciones entre Aragón y Castilla (SS. XIII-XV) (in español). Zaragoza: Institución «Fernando el Católico». pp. 175, 177. ISBN 84-7820-387-7.
- ↑ Yela Yela, Alicia (2014). "La Casa de Almazán". In Alegre Carvajal, Esther (Dir.) (ed.). Damas de la Casa de Mendoza: Historias, leyendas y olvidos (in español). Madrid: Polifemo. p. 708. ISBN 978-84-16335-00-8.
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