Template:On this day - May 31

James II of Majorca

• 1243 – Birth of James II, King of Majorca, Count of Roussillon and of Cerdanya, and Lord of Montpellier (part of present-day Spain and France) (d. 1311).
• 1410 – Death of Martin I of Aragon, also called the Humane or the Elder, King of Aragon (present-day Spain) from 1396 to 1410 (b. 1356).
• 1557 – Death of Juan Martínez Guijarro, Spanish cardinal and mathematician (b. 1477).
• 1560 – In the Governorate of Tucumán (northwest of present-day Argentina), the Spanish soldier Diego de Villarroel resettles for the third time the place the natives called Ibatin ('bank of the river that comes down from the gorge') and names it Villa de San Miguel de Tucumán.
• 1586 – Death of Antonio Agustín, Spanish churchman who stood out as a humanist, polygraph and forerunner of the historical study of the sources of law (b. 1517).
• 1664 – Birth of Julio Alberoni, Spanish politician and churchman, adviser to King Philip V of Spain (d. 1752).
• 1774 – Birth of Julián Sánchez, Spanish guerrilla fighter and military officer (d. 1832).
• 1851 – Birth of Isaac Peral, Spanish naval officer, inventor of the first electrically powered torpedo submarine (d. 1895).
• 1852 – In San Nicolás de los Arroyos (Argentina) the San Nicolás Agreement is signed, which will be the prototype of the national Constitution of 1853.
• 1885 – In Spain, José Zorrilla takes possession of seat "L" of the Royal Spanish Academy with the speech Autobiografía y autorretrato poéticos.
• 1906 – In the town of Cananea (Mexico) the miners' strike is prepared; it breaks out the next day.
• 1906 – In Madrid (Spain) King Alfonso XIII marries Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg. On leaving the ceremony they suffered an attack from which they emerged unharmed.
• 1911 – In the port of Veracruz (Mexico), Porfirio Díaz boards the German steamer Ypiranga bound for exile in Europe.
• 1928 – In Managua (Nicaragua) the Nicaraguan Academy of the Language is established.
• 1929 – Death of Aníbal González Álvarez-Ossorio, Spanish architect (b. 1876).
• 1929 – Death of Loreto Capella Olasagasti, gastronome and cook of the Court of Alfonso XII of Spain, and contributor to the culinary magazine "El Gorro Blanco" (b. 1853).
• 1938 – During the Spanish Civil War, the Italian Legionary Air Force, supporting Francisco Franco's rebel faction, bombs the civilian population of Granollers with 60 bombs of 100 kg, leaving 224 dead (mostly women and children) and 161 wounded.
• 1949 – Death of Fernando de los Ríos, Spanish politician, diplomat, jurist and professor (b. 1879).
• 1970 – In Peru, an earthquake devastates the northern area of Áncash and causes landslides in Yungay and Huaraz, leaving nearly 66,800 people dead and missing.
• 1989 – In a bar in Tarapoto (Peru), members of the terrorist group Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement murder eight transvestites, claiming they were «social scourges used to corrupt the youth».
• 1991 – In Chetumal (Mexico) governor Miguel Borge Martín founds the University of Quintana Roo.
• 1993 – In Guatemala City, Jorge Serrano Elías resigns from his office as president.
• 1995 – Death of Emilio García Gómez, Spanish philologist, Arabist and translator, director of the Royal Academy of History (b. 1905).
• 1997 – Death of Fernando Salmerón, Mexican philosopher, university professor, researcher and academic (b. 1925).
• 2011 – In Argentina, the first line of the Metrobus is inaugurated in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.
• 2016 – Death of Antonio Imbert Barrera, soldier awarded the distinction of Dominican National Hero for having assassinated Rafael Leónidas Trujillo (b. 1920).
• 2016 – Death of Mohamed Abdelaziz, Sahrawi politician, Secretary General of the Polisario Front and president in exile of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (b. 1947).