Template:On this day - May 26

Maimonides

• 1135 – Birth of Maimonides, Sephardic physician, rabbi and theologian of al-Andalus (present-day Spain) (d. 1204).
• 1135 – Alfonso VII of León is crowned Imperator totius Hispaniae (Emperor of all Hispania).
• 1504 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, at the request of Pope Julius II, orders the arrest of Cesare Borgia and his transfer to Spain.
• 1573 – In the Spanish Netherlands, the Spanish Navy defeats the Sea Beggars at the Battle of Haarlemmermeer.
• 1642 – In France, Spanish troops commanded by Francisco de Melo defeat the French troops of Marshal de Guiche at the Battle of Honnecourt.
• 1645 – In the Real Audiencia of Quito dies Mariana de Jesús de Paredes, a religious known as the Lily of Quito (b. 1618).
• 1655 – The governor of Jamaica, José Ramírez de Arellano, evacuates part of the population to Cuba, after having capitulated to the British who, under the command of Admiral William Penn, occupied the island.
• 1707 – During the War of the Spanish Succession, the Bourbon troops take Zaragoza.
• 1739 – In the Captaincy General of Chile, the streets of the newly founded town of Los Ángeles are laid out. This date is considered the day of its founding.
• 1802 – In Madrid (Spain), Simón Bolívar marries María Teresa Rodríguez.
• 1808 – In Spain, the cities of Seville, Santander and Gijón rise up in arms against the French invaders who had treacherously taken up positions in Spain.
• 1816 – In Uruguay, the National Library opens its doors; for this reason, every 26 May National Book Day is celebrated in Uruguay.
• 1831 – In Granada (Spain), the liberal Mariana Pineda is executed by garrote at the age of 26.
• 1865 – Birth of Mariano Gutiérrez-Lanza, Spanish meteorologist and astronomer (d. 1943).
• 1872 – In Spain, the military officer and politician Francisco Serrano is appointed President of the Government.
• 1880 – The allies of the secret Pact are defeated by the Chilean forces at the Battle of the Alto de la Alianza, bringing about the withdrawal of Bolivia from the War of the Pacific.
• 1900 – 15 km from the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia), in the course of the Thousand Days' War, the Conservative Party wins the war against the Colombian Liberal Party at the Battle of Palonegro.
• 1912 – In the main hall of the University of Barcelona (Spain) the General Exhibition of Lunar Studies is inaugurated.
• 1912 – Death of Eduardo López de Romaña, Peruvian engineer, businessman and politician, President of the Republic from 1899 to 1903 (b. 1847).
• 1915 – In the city of Buenos Aires, representatives of Argentina, Brazil and Chile sign a treaty of peace, friendship and arbitration.
• 1935 – In Spain, Manuel Azaña (president of the Second Spanish Republic) holds a rally in Valencia before 100,000 attendees.
• 1947 – In Nicaragua, General Anastasio Somoza García stages a coup d'état against president Leonardo Argüello Barreto, 25 days after the latter took power from him, and imposes Doctor Benjamín Lacayo Sacasa as de facto ruler.
• 1969 – Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru sign the Cartagena Agreement, which creates the Andean Community.
• 1998 – In Chile the commissioning of the new European telescope of the European Southern Observatory is successfully completed.
• 2013 – In Colombia, the Government and the FARC reach an Agrarian Pact, in the framework of the Havana Peace Process, concluding the first point of the Peace Agenda.
• 2015 – Death of Vicente Aranda, Spanish filmmaker, producer and screenwriter (b. 1926).