Template:On this day - May 25

Pedro Calderón de la Barca

• 1025 – Muhammad al-Mustakfi flees the Caliphate of Córdoba (present-day Spain) after having been deposed as Caliph.
• 1085 – Alfonso VI of León reconquers the town of Toledo (present-day Spain) from the Muslims.
• 1485 – Birth of Blas Ortiz, Spanish Renaissance humanist (d. 1552).
• 1521 – The Diet of Worms ends, during which Charles I of Spain promulgates the Edict declaring Martin Luther an outlaw and forbidding the possession and reading of his writings.
• 1555 – Death of Henry II, King of Navarre (present-day Spain) (b. 1503).
• 1681 – Death of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Spanish playwright, one of the most distinguished Baroque men of letters of the Golden Age.
• 1722 – In Venezuela, the Villa de San Luis de Cura is founded by Juan de Bolívar y Villegas, paternal grandfather of Simón Bolívar.
• 1751 – In Concepción (Captaincy General of Chile) a magnitude 8.5 earthquake on the Richter scale occurs, leaving 65 dead and leading to the relocation of the city to the Mocha Valley.
• 1808 – In the course of the Napoleonic Invasion of Spain, the General Junta of the Principality of Asturias declares itself sovereign in the face of the French army.
• 1809 – In the Real Audiencia of Charcas (present-day Sucre, capital of Bolivia) the Chuquisaca Revolution begins, the first governing junta in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
• 1810 – The May Revolution begins in Buenos Aires (present-day Argentina), in which a group of conspirators, after receiving news that Spain had been invaded by Napoleon Bonaparte, seize the opportunity to depose Viceroy Cisneros and organize the Primera Junta.
• 1814 – In present-day Bolivia, General Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales defeats the Spanish troops at the Battle of Florida.
• 1819 – In Buenos Aires (Argentina) the Argentine Constitution of 1819 is promulgated.
• 1833 – In Santiago de Chile the Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile is promulgated.
• 1908 – In Buenos Aires (Argentina) the Teatro Colón is inaugurated with a performance of Giuseppe Verdi's opera Aida.
• 1911 – In Mexico, president Porfirio Díaz resigns, and Francisco León de la Barra takes office on an interim basis.
• 1938 – Over Alicante, during the Spanish Civil War, aircraft of Francisco Franco's rebel faction carry out a bombing against the civilian population.
• 1982 – During the Falklands War the Argentine Air Force sinks the British destroyer HMS Coventry, and the Argentine Navy causes irreparable damage to the container ship Atlantic Conveyor.
• 1993 – In Guatemala, a coup d'état overthrows President Jorge Serrano (the Serranazo). It will later become known that it was a self-coup.
• 2004 – Nearly 500 people die in the Dominican Republic and Haiti because of the torrential rains that devastated the area.
• 2018 – Colombia becomes part of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
• 2019 – Death of Joaquín Sanz Gadea, Spanish physician (b. 1930).
• 2023 – Death of Daniel Toro, Argentine singer, composer and folklorist (b. 1941).