Template:On this day - May 23

José de Espronceda

• 1482 – The Abencerrajes enter through the Albaicín (present-day Spain) and proclaim Boabdil king of Granada, after a hard-fought battle with the supporters of Muley Hacén.
• 1493 – In Spain, the Catholic Monarchs order 25 horses from the former Nasrid Kingdom of Granada to be sent to the new continent.
• 1533 – In England, the marriage between Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon is annulled.
• 1575 – The village of San Salvador (present-day capital of El Salvador), which had a few hundred inhabitants, suffers the first of its many major earthquakes, which destroys it completely.
• 1606 – Birth of Juan Caramuel, Spanish philosopher, mathematician, logician and linguist.
• 1627 – Death of Luis de Góngora, Spanish poet and playwright.
• 1807 – In Montevideo (present-day Uruguay) La Estrella del Sur (The Southern Star), an English propaganda publication, appears.
• 1811 – Birth of José de Salamanca y Mayol, 1st Marquis of Salamanca, Spanish politician and businessman.
• 1842 – Death of José de Espronceda, Spanish poet of Romanticism (b. 1808).
• 1823 – The Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis enter Madrid (Spain) to impose by force the absolutist regime of Ferdinand VII, thus ending the Liberal Triennium.
• 1845 – The Spanish Cortes vote for the Spanish Constitution of 1845, the supreme law during the effective reign of Isabella II.
• 1929 – In Mexico City a student protest takes place at the National School of Jurisprudence, demanding self-government, academic freedom and freedom of thought, which led to the autonomy of what was then called the National University of Mexico, which as a result became the National Autonomous University of Mexico (Student Day in Mexico).
• 1936 – In Buenos Aires, the Obelisk is inaugurated, a true icon of the city.
• 1951 – In Venezuela the orchid is decreed the national flower.
• 1963 – Fidel Castro receives the title of «Hero of the Soviet Union».
• 1979 – In Nicaragua, president General Anastasio Somoza Debayle creates by decree the Masaya Volcano National Park.
• 1986 – In Spain, the Peruvian writer Mario Vargas Llosa receives the Prince of Asturias Award for Literature.
• 1992 – Death of Atahualpa Yupanqui, Argentine folk singer-songwriter (b. 1908).
• 1993 – Death of Luis Beltrán Prieto Figueroa, Venezuelan intellectual, educator and politician (b. 1902).
• 2008 – In Brasília the constitutive treaty of Unasur (Union of South American Nations) is signed, a political and economic community made up of the twelve South American countries.
• 2011 – In Chile, the remains of former president Salvador Allende are exhumed to fully clarify the cause of his death, which occurred during the 1973 Chilean coup d'état.