Template:On this day - March 9

Federico Gravina

• 1565 – In the Real Audiencia of Quito (present-day Ecuador), the Hospital of the Holy Mercy of Our Lord Jesus Christ of Royal Patronage is founded, today the Hospital of San Juan de Dios.
• 1687 – In Santafé de Bogotá (New Kingdom of Granada, present-day Colombia), the Tiempo del Ruido ("Time of the Noise") occurs, a phenomenon that produced a loud noise and a smell of sulfur, spreading panic among the city's inhabitants.
• 1781 – In West Florida (present-day United States), Bernardo de Gálvez besieges Fort George during the Anglo-Spanish War of 1779-1783.
• 1806 – Death of Federico Gravina, Sicilian Captain General in the service of the Royal Spanish Navy (b. 1756).
• 1811 – Death of Pedro Ríos, the Drummer of Tacuarí, a 12-year-old boy who served as a soldier in the army of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata under the command of Manuel Belgrano (b. 1798).
• 1811 – General Manuel Cabañas, of the royalist forces of the Intendancy of Paraguay, defeats the army of Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Tacuarí.
• 1839 – The peace treaty between Mexico and France that ends the Pastry War is signed in Veracruz.
• 1881 – Birth of José P. Laurel, Filipino politician, puppet president of the Philippines during the Japanese occupation (1943-1945), who after the war was accused of treason (d. 1959).
• 1916 – Pancho Villa carries out a military raid on the town of Columbus, in New Mexico.
• 1936 – The Dominican Republic and Haiti sign a Border Treaty fixing the boundaries between the two countries.
• 1973 – Spain effectively begins diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, thus aligning itself with the rest of the countries of Western Europe in the political position of "One China".
• 2010 – Death of Teresa Gutiérrez, Colombian radio announcer and actress (b. 1928).
• 2020 – In Mexico, a national women's strike is held to raise awareness of femicides and violence against women.
• 2020 – Death of José Jiménez Lozano, Spanish writer and journalist (b. 1930).
• 2021 – Death of Isela Vega, Mexican actress, screenwriter, producer and film director (b. 1939).