Template:On this day - March 22

The Duke of Lerma

• 950 – In the Caliphate of Córdoba (present-day Spain), Caliph Abd al-Rahman III orders the execution of Abu Abd Allah Ibn Abd al-Barr for having taken part in a conspiracy against him.
• 1018 – Death of Ali ibn Hammud al-Nasir, Caliph of Córdoba (present-day Spain).
• 1369 – Henry of Trastámara (the Fratricide), aided by the French warrior Bertrand du Guesclin, kills his half-brother Peter I, King of Castile and León.
• 1459 – Birth of Maximilian I of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1519).
• 1506 – In Denia, Ferdinand the Catholic, widower of Isabella I of Castile, marries Germaine of Foix, niece of the French king Louis XII.
• 1508 – In Spain, Ferdinand the Catholic appoints Amerigo Vespucci Pilot Major of Castile.
• 1518 – Ferdinand Magellan signs the Capitulations of Valladolid, which grant him the monopoly of the route for ten years, the power to appoint governors in the lands that might be discovered and five percent of the profits of the first voyage.
• 1618 – Pope Paul V grants the cardinal's hat to the Duke of Lerma, who had requested it as protection in the trial for the murder of Francisco Juara by Rodrigo Calderón, Lerma's confidant.
• 1763 – In Spain, the Corps of Marine Artillery is renamed the Royal Corps of Navy Artillery.
• 1814 – French troops hand the Spanish monarch Ferdinand VII over to General Copons, who escorts him to Gerona, where he is given the document signed by the Regency on 2 February.
• 1835 – Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino by the Duke of Rivas premieres at the Teatro del Príncipe (in Madrid), marking the definitive triumph of Romanticism in Spain.
• 1859 – In Ecuador, the Pichincha volcano erupts, destroying the capital, Quito.
• 1918 – Antonio Maura is elected new President of the Spanish Government, which is welcomed throughout Spain with demonstrations of joy.
• 1923 – In Mexico, very strict measures are enacted to prevent the smuggling of opium.
• 1927 – A radiotelegraph service is established between Spain and Argentina.
• 1928 – Spain rejoins the League of Nations.
• 1934 – Doctor Gabriel Terra is re-elected president of Uruguay.
• 1936 – In the Andes, the Argentine mountaineer Juan Jorge Link makes the first solo reconnaissance of Aconcagua, the highest summit of the continent.
• 1965 – Mexico and the United States sign an agreement to solve the problem of the salinity of the Colorado River, which destroys Mexican crops.
• 1984 – The Diario de Barcelona, the dean of the Spanish daily press, ceases publication.
• 2006 – In Spain, the terrorist group ETA declares a permanent ceasefire.
• 2006 – In Peru, the courts sentence Víctor Polay, leader of the Túpac Amaru guerrilla, to 32 years in prison.
• 2013 – Death of Bebo Valdés, Cuban pianist, composer, arranger and orchestra conductor (b. 1918).
• 2023 – Death of Rafael Filippelli, Argentine director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1938).