Template:On this day - March 10

Francisco Martínez de la Rosa

• 1126 – Alfonso VII of León enters León and proclaims himself King of León and of Castile.
• 1126 – Near Puente Genil (present-day Spain), the army of Alfonso I of Aragon defeats the Almoravid army of Seville led by Sir ibn Abi Bakr at the Battle of Arnisol.
• 1452 – Birth of Ferdinand II, King of Aragon, of Castile, of Sicily, of Naples, of Sardinia and of Navarre (d. 1516).
• 1496 – Christopher Columbus leaves the island of Hispaniola bound for Spain, ending his second voyage to the Americas.
• 1526 – In Seville (Spain), Charles I marries his cousin, the Infanta Isabella of Portugal.
• 1543 – Spanish settlers found the town of Antigua (Guatemala), which served as the capital of all Central America.
• 1585 – In the Spanish Netherlands, the Tercios under the command of Alexander Farnese recover Brussels after more than a year of siege.
• 1625 – The Imperial College of San Isidro is created in Madrid (Spain).
• 1785 – The Company of the Philippines is created in Spain, backed by the Bank of San Carlos and the Five Major Guilds of Madrid.
• 1786 – Birth of José María Vargas, surgeon, scientist and professor at the University of Caracas, who became President of Venezuela between 1835 and 1836 (d. 1854).
• 1787 – Birth of Francisco Martínez de la Rosa, poet, playwright, politician and diplomat, Minister of State of Spain during the Liberal Triennium, and President of the Council of Ministers in 1834 (d. 1862).
• 1804 – In Saint Louis (Missouri), the act of transfer of the territory of Louisiana from France to the United States takes place.
• 1814 – Ferdinand VII returns to Spain and abolishes the Spanish Constitution of 1812.
• 1814 – Birth of Julián Sanz del Río, Spanish philosopher, jurist and pedagogue.
• 1825 – Death of José Bustamante, Spanish naval officer and politician (b. 1759).
• 1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the U.S. intervention in Mexico.
• 1855 – Death of Carlos María Isidro de Borbón, Infante of Spain and first Carlist pretender to the throne (b. 1788).
• 1879 – In Cáceres (Spain), the Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe is declared a national monument.
• 1889 – Death of Antonio Trueba, Spanish writer and poet (b. 1819).
• 1899 – During the Bolivian Civil War of 1898, the La Paz army led by José Manuel Pando defeats the Chuquisaca forces of President Severo Fernández Alonso at the Battle of the Second Crucero, leading to the transfer of the seat of the Presidency of the Republic from Sucre to La Paz.
• 1928 – Elías del Socorro Nieves del Castillo, Mexican Catholic priest and member of the Order of Saint Augustine, is executed by firing squad (b. 1882).
• 1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup d'état in Cuba.
• 1962 – Death of Juan March, Spanish businessman, whose financing of the 1936 coup d'état against the government of the Second Spanish Republic proved decisive for the success of the Nationalist side (b. 1880).
• 1972 – Death of Pedro Sienna, Chilean poet, playwright, journalist, art critic, actor and silent film director (b. 1893).
• 1998 – Augusto Pinochet leaves the command of the Chilean Army, which he had held since the 1973 coup d'état.
• 2011 – Death of David Viñas, Argentine writer, literary critic and historian (b. 1927).
• 2014 – Death of Juan Balboa Boneke, Equatoguinean politician and writer (b. 1938).