Template:On this day - June 30

José Vasconcelos

• 713 – The stronghold of Mérida (present-day Spain) is occupied after a 14-month siege by the Muslims led by Musa ibn Nusair, after which it becomes the capital of the Kura of Mérida.
• 1483 – In the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada (present-day Spain) the Christian army forces the surrender of the fortress of Tájara, in the fighting for which the Great Captain nearly perished.
• 1520 – The Aztecs ruled by Cuitláhuac expel the Spanish conquistadors and their Tlaxcaltec allies from the city of Tenochtitlan, during the so-called Noche Triste.
• 1520 – Death of Blas Botello de Puerto Plata, Spanish conquistador, astrologer and soothsayer who foretold the events of the Noche Triste (b. ?).
• 1521 – At Salinas de Pamplona, Castilian troops defeat the Navarrese forces and their French allies at the Battle of Noáin, in the course of the Conquest of Navarre (present-day Spain).
• 1522 – At Irún (Guipúzcoa) Castilian troops defeat the Navarrese forces and their French allies at the Battle of San Marcial, in the course of the Conquest of Navarre (present-day Spain).
• 1628 – Birth of Miguel de Molinos, Spanish mystical writer and theologian, creator of quietism (d. 1696).
• 1656 – Birth of José Ibáñez, Spanish Baroque painter (d. 1694).
• 1741 – In the port of Havana (Cuba) lightning strikes the mainmast of the ship Invencible, causing the powder magazine to explode and blowing up the ship.
• 1793 – Death of Ramón Pignatelli, Spanish engineer, Enlightenment figure and politician (b. 1734).
• 1851 – In the city of Valparaíso (Chile) the First Fire Brigade is founded, for which reason National Volunteer Firefighter Day is celebrated today.
• 1871 – In Guatemala, a liberal revolution led by Miguel García Granados and Justo Rufino Barrios overthrows the Government of Vicente Cerna. Barrios takes power.
• 1892 – Birth of Daniel de la Vega, Chilean poet, novelist, short story writer, chronicler, playwright and journalist (d. 1971).
• 1893 – In Costa Rica, José Martí visits Antonio Maceo to finalize details about the independence of Cuba.
• 1898 – In Baler (Philippines), a patrol of Spanish soldiers under the command of Saturnino Martín Cerezo falls into an ambush. The Siege of Baler begins, which will last 337 days.
• 1909 – Birth of Juan Bosch, essayist, novelist, narrator, historian, educator and politician, President of the Dominican Republic from February to September 1963 (d. 2001).
• 1941 – Death of Loreto Gallego García, Spanish soldier and one of the Last of the Philippines (b. 1877).
• 1949 – In Madrid (Spain), the Royal Spanish Academy elects Vicente Aleixandre as a member. He joins the institution on 22 January 1950 to occupy seat «O».
• 1957 – In Santiago de Cuba the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista murders the revolutionaries Josué País García, Floro Vistel Somodevilla and Salvador Pascual Salcedo.
• 1959 – Death of José Vasconcelos, Mexican lawyer, politician, writer, educator and philosopher (b. 1882).
• 1960 – After the Great Chilean Earthquake the Cuban Government donates one million dollars, together with equipment and supplies.
• 2003 – In Baler (Philippines), the first celebration of Spanish-Filipino Friendship Day takes place.
• 2010 – In the Philippines, Benigno Aquino III assumes the presidency.
• 2016 – Death of Juan Habichuela, Spanish flamenco guitarist (b. 1933).