Template:On this day - June 12

Cristóbal de Castillejo

• 1474 – In La Nava (Spain), Isabella I of Castile orders the arrest of the residents who refuse to fight in the war against Portugal, although after arguing that not all of them could go to war, since they were needed for farm work, they are finally exonerated.
• 1539 – In Mexico City the first printing press in America is founded, licensed by the Spanish Crown to the Sevillian printer Juan Cromberger and the Italian journeyman Juan Pablos.
• 1550 – Death of Cristóbal de Castillejo, Spanish Renaissance poet (b. 1490).
• 1572 – In the New Kingdom of Granada (present-day Colombia), Hernán Suárez de Villalobos founds the Villa de Nuestra Señora María de Leyva.
• 1703 – Birth of Jacobo Sedelmayer, Jesuit missionary and explorer of New Spain (d. 1779).
• 1776 – Birth of José Manuel de Goyeneche, Spanish military officer, diplomat and politician (d. 1846).
• 1824 – In San Salvador, capital city of El Salvador, a Constituent Assembly approves the first Constitution in the history of El Salvador as a Member State of the Central American Federation.
• 1878 – Birth of Isabel de Palencia, Spanish writer, playwright and actress (d. 1974).
• 1898 – In the Philippines, Emilio Aguinaldo declares the archipelago independent from Spain, although the United States government ignores him, despite having promised him its support.
• 1901 – Cuba officially becomes a United States protectorate; the United States denies it independence and grants itself the right to intervene in the island whenever it deems necessary.
• 1935 – In Buenos Aires the protocol is signed that ends the Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay, the most important war in Hispanic America during the 20th century.
• 1950 – In Ocaña (Colombia) the then Governor of Norte de Santander, Doctor Lucio Pabón Núñez, founds the Industrial Technical Institute.
• 1956 – In the Las Heras prison, located in the Palermo neighborhood (Buenos Aires), the military dictatorship of Pedro Eugenio Aramburu executes General Juan José Valle for his support of the democratic government of Juan Domingo Perón (overthrown in 1955).
• 1985 – Spain signs the treaty of accession to the European Economic Community (now known as the European Union).
• 2020 – Death of Rafael Valencia, Spanish Arabist, academic and university professor (b. 1952).
• 2021 – Death of Jesús Martín-Barbero, Spanish philosopher, semiotician and anthropologist (b. 1937).