Template:On this day - July 9

María Estela Martínez de Perón

• 1549 – Death of Diego Centeno, Spanish conquistador (b. 1516).
• 1746 – Death of Philip V of Bourbon, called "the Spirited", King of Spain (b. 1683).
• 1816 – Argentina declares its independence from the Spanish Crown.
• 1820 – At the opening ceremony of the new Spanish liberal Cortes, King Ferdinand VII swears to the Constitution of 1812.
• 1848 – Death of Jaime Balmes, Spanish philosopher, theologian, apologist, sociologist and political writer (b. 1810).
• 1882 – In Peru (in the course of the Breña Campaign during the War of the Pacific, which pitted Chile against the allies Peru and Bolivia) the Battle of Concepción is fought.
• 1887 – Birth of Emilio Mola, "the Director" of the coup d'état of 1936 (d. 1937).
• 1922 – The Brotherhood of Knights of Saint Martin de Porres and Saint John Macías is founded in Lima (Peru).
• 1944 – In Oceania, American forces take Saipan, in the Northern Mariana Islands.
• 1980 – Death of Juan Larrea, Spanish poet and essayist (b. 1890).
• 1981 – In Argentina, the Military Junta releases former president María Estela Martínez de Perón, who takes refuge in Spain.
• 1997 – In Venezuela, 81 people die in an earthquake (magnitude 7.0) with its epicenter off the country's coast.
• 2001 – In Santiago de Chile, the Court of Appeals rules that Augusto Pinochet is temporarily unfit to stand trial due to "moderate dementia".
• 2014 – The Bahamas and Nicaragua report their first cases of chikungunya epidemic arthritis.
• 2015 – In Bolivia, President Evo Morales gives Pope Francis a replica of the crucifix of the Marxist journalist, filmmaker and priest Luis Espinal (1932–1980), murdered in La Paz.
• 2019 – Death of Fernando de la Rúa, Argentine politician, President of Argentina between 1999 and 2001 (b. 1937).
• 2023 – Death of Porfirio Muñoz Ledo, Mexican politician, diplomat, jurist and journalist (b. 1933).