Template:On this day - July 12

Hipólito Yrigoyen

• 100 BC – Birth of Julius Caesar, Roman general and statesman who reached the highest magistracies of the State and dominated the politics of the Republic (d. 44 BC).
• 1468 – Birth of Juan del Encina, poet, musician and playwright of the Spanish Renaissance (d. 1530).
• 1553 – In the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the first Chair of Law is taught at the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico.
• 1562 – In Yucatán (New Spain, present-day Mexico), Diego de Landa orders the burning of numerous Maya codices, effigies and sacred objects, during the Auto-da-fé of Maní.
• 1707 – Birth of Esteban Terreros, Spanish philologist and lexicographer (d. 1782).
• 1801 – During the Second Battle of Algeciras, on a moonless night, the Spanish ships of the line San Hermenegildo and Real Carlos mistook each other for enemies and fought until both exploded, taking almost 1,700 men with them.
• 1838 – Ignacio Clemente Delgado Cebrián, Spanish Catholic religious, dies a martyr in Vietnam (b. 1762).
• 1839 – In Bolivia, Congress approves the renaming of the city of Chuquisaca to Sucre, in honor of the pro-independence leader Antonio José de Sucre.
• 1852 – Birth of Hipólito Yrigoyen, politician and statesman, twice President of Argentina (d. 1933).
• 1873 – In Cartagena (Spain), a federalist uprising establishes the Canton of Cartagena, which will withstand the government siege for six months.
• 1937 – At the Pavilion of the Spanish Republic, within the Paris International Exposition, Pablo Picasso's Guernica is put on public display.
• 1904 – Birth of Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and politician, Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971 (d. 1973).
• 1985 – The city of Santiago de Compostela receives the Europe Prize, awarded by the Council of Europe in recognition of its pro-European commitment.
• 2000 – Death of Edmundo Chacour, Argentine playwright and theater director (b. 1933).
• 2023 – Death of Guillermo Heras, Spanish actor, theater director, playwright and editor (b. 1952).