Template:On this day - January 6

The Count-Duke of Olivares

• 1233 – In Spain, Ferdinand III of Castile begins the siege of the city of Úbeda, which ends with its capitulation.
• 1275 – Death of Raymond of Penyafort, Spanish Dominican cleric, Catholic writer and jurist (b. 1180).
• 1416 – King Ferdinand I of Aragon withdraws his obedience from the popes of Avignon.
• 1492 – In Granada (Spain), the Catholic Monarchs make their triumphal entry after the surrender of Boabdil.
• 1494 – On the island of Hispaniola, Christopher Columbus inaugurates La Isabela, the first Spanish settlement in the New World, located in the present-day Dominican Republic.
• 1500 – Birth of John of Ávila, Spanish monk and mystic writer (d. 1569).
• 1503 – Christopher Columbus lands at Santa María de Belén, on the Caribbean coast of Veraguas (present-day Panama), in what would be the first Spanish settlement on the American mainland, which three months later will be destroyed by the natives.
• 1587 – Birth of the Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish aristocrat and politician, favorite of King Philip IV of Spain (d. 1645).
• 1542 – In New Spain, Francisco de Montejo founds the village of Mérida, now the capital of the State of Yucatán (Mexico).
• 1550 – In the Province of Santa Marta (present-day Colombia), the village of Valledupar is founded.
• 1575 – In the Spanish Netherlands, Philip II founds Leiden University (the oldest in the Netherlands).
• 1634 – Birth of Antonio Hugo de Omerique, Spanish mathematician (d. 1705).
• 1641 – In the present-day Cautín Province (Chile), the Parliament of Quilín meets, from which the first peace treaty between Spaniards and Mapuche (Araucanians) emerges.
• 1702 – Birth of José de Nebra, Spanish composer (d. 1768).
• 1763 – In Montevideo, without any declaration of war, 11 British and Portuguese ships attack the city, but fail to take it.
• 1782 – The city of Mahón (Menorca), held by the British, capitulates after a seven-month siege by Spanish-French troops.
• 1875 – Alfonso XII leaves Paris for Madrid to take the throne of Spain.
• 1901 – The Philippines officially rejects American "tutelage" and the Philippine–American War begins.
• 1910 – The governments of Argentina and Uruguay sign a protocol concerning the waters of the Río de la Plata.
• 1912 – New Mexico becomes part of the United States as the forty-seventh State.
• 1927 – United States Marines occupy Managua, capital of Nicaragua.
• 1936 – Birth of Julio María Sanguinetti, Uruguayan lawyer, historian, journalist and politician, twice President of Uruguay, in 1985–1990 and 1995–2000.
• 1937 – The United States Congress imposes an arms embargo on both warring sides of the Spanish Civil War.
• 1967 – In Venezuela, the Angostura Bridge over the Orinoco River is opened.
• 1994 – Paraguay joins the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) as member country no. 115.
• 2013 – Death of Enrique Meneses, Spanish journalist, writer and photographer (b. 1929).