Template:On this day - January 23

José Zorrilla

• 1350 – Birth of Saint Vincent Ferrer, Spanish Dominican friar (d. 1419).
• 1516 – Death of Ferdinand the Catholic, who, after marrying Isabella I of Castile, achieved the dynastic union of both crowns.
• 1641 – Louis XIII of France is proclaimed Count of Barcelona by the Council of One Hundred during the Reapers' War.
• 1648 – Death of Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla, Spanish playwright of the school of Calderón (b. 1607).
• 1677 – Charles II of Spain and the Queen Mother appoint Juan José de Austria first minister.
• 1731 – A new Treaty of Vienna is signed, by which Austria, England and Spain ally to ensure that Charles III of Spain obtains the succession to the throne of Naples and Sicily.
• 1822 – The Charity Law is enacted in Spain.
• 1826 – In Peru, the siege of Callao, the last Spanish stronghold in mainland America, comes to an end.
• 1866 – Death of Juan Isern Battló y Carrera, Spanish botanist and expedition member (b. 1821).
• 1893 – Death of José Zorrilla, Spanish playwright, author of the romantic drama Don Juan Tenorio (b. 1817).
• 1931 – Spain and Portugal sign an agreement abolishing the need for passports between the two countries.
• 1932 – In Spain, the Government of the Republic dissolves the Society of Jesus and expropriates its property.
• 1958 – In Venezuela, after two days of national strike, a civic-military movement overthrows the dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez.
• 1979 – In Western Sahara, an offensive by the Polisario Front causes 800 casualties in the Moroccan army.
• 1985 – For the first time in Spain, soldiers of the two armies that fought in the Civil War take part together in a tribute to the Spanish soldiers who died in the conflict.
• 1989 – In Argentina, the assault on the La Tablada Mechanized Infantry Regiment is carried out by Gorriarán Merlo and the All for the Fatherland Movement.
• 1989 – Death of Salvador Dalí, Spanish painter, sculptor, engraver, set designer and writer (b. 1904).
• 2011 – Death of Aureliano Tapia Méndez, Mexican cleric, writer and historian (b. 1931).
• 2017 – Death of Gertrudis de la Fuente, Spanish pioneer in biochemistry specializing in enzymology (b. 1921).
• 2019 – In Venezuela, Juan Guaidó proclaims himself Interim President of Venezuela.
• 2020 – A gas-leak explosion from a tanker truck in the southern area of Lima (Peru) leaves at least 15 dead and more than 36 injured.
• 2023 – Death of Álvaro Colom, Guatemalan businessman, engineer and politician, President of Guatemala from 2008 to 2012 (b. 1951).
• 2023 – Death of Eugenio Martín Márquez, Spanish filmmaker (b. 1925).