Template:On this day - January 2

Luisa Carvajal y Mendoza

• 1492 – After the signing of the Capitulations of Granada, the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada surrenders to the Catholic Monarchs, bringing the Reconquista to an end.
• 1553 – In Lima (Viceroyalty of Peru), the University of San Marcos begins to operate in the Convent of Santo Domingo.
• 1566 – Birth of Luisa Carvajal y Mendoza, Spanish mystic poet (d. 1614).
• 1614 – Death of Luisa Carvajal y Mendoza, Spanish mystic poet (b. 1566).
• 1762 – England declares war on Spain, fearful of the Family Compact between the French and Spanish Bourbons.
• 1791 – The first issue of the newspaper Mercurio Peruano is published in Lima (Peru).
• 1814 – The National Assembly of Venezuela grants absolute powers to Simón Bolívar.
• 1819 – Death of Maria Luisa of Parma, Queen of Spain (b. 1751).
• 1829 – The Mexican government decrees the expulsion of the Spaniards living in the country.
• 1833 – Great Britain seizes the Falkland Islands with the arrival of the corvette Clio at Puerto Soledad, expelling the Argentine administration.
• 1860 – In Spain, the first issue of the newspaper El Pensamiento Español goes on sale.
• 1871 – In Spain, King Amadeo of Savoy solemnly swears to the Spanish Constitution of 1869.
• 1874 – In Spain, the Spanish President Emilio Castelar loses the confidence of Parliament and resigns.
• 1914 – In Spain, King Alfonso XIII dissolves the Congress.
• 1918 – In Spain, a fire at the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso (Segovia) destroys numerous works of art.
• 1920 – In Villa de María, in the north of the Province of Córdoba (Argentina), the highest temperature in that country's history is recorded: 49.1 °C.
• 1931 – José María Reina Andrade assumes the presidency of Guatemala.
• 1949 – In Puerto Rico, Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected governor.
• 1955 – In Panama, President José Antonio Remon Cantera is assassinated.
• 1958 – In Venezuela, the government announces the surrender of the rebels in Maracay.
• 1959 – In Cuba, Fidel Castro takes power and Manuel Urrutia is appointed president by the 26th of July Movement.
• 1992 – Free movement of Spanish workers within the European Economic Community (now the European Union) comes into force, one year ahead of schedule.
• 2001 – In El Salvador, the government of Francisco Flores decides to adopt the US dollar as the national currency.
• 2010 – In Pasto (Colombia), the Galeras volcano erupts during the city's Blacks and Whites' Carnival.