Template:On this day - January 18

Amadeo I of Spain

• 1535 – In the Viceroyalty of Peru, the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro reaches the region of Lima (now the country's capital) and invades an Inca town of unknown name, which he names "City of the Kings".
• 1546 – Death of Blasco Núñez Vela, Spanish military officer and politician, first Viceroy of Peru (b. 1490).
• 1586 – Death of Margaret of Austria and Parma, daughter of Charles I of Spain, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands (b. 1522).
• 1762 – In Spain, Charles III issues a pragmatic sanction establishing the regium exequatur, which entails control over papal documents.
• 1764 – In Barcelona (Spain), the Experimental Physical-Mathematical Conference is constituted, the basis of the city's Royal Academy of Sciences and Arts.
• 1785 – In Málaga (Spain), the "Consulate of the Sea of Málaga", a court for merchants and commercial matters, is created by a Royal Decree.
• 1890 – Death of Amadeo I, King of Spain from 1870 to 1873, the only monarch of the House of Savoy to hold the Spanish throne.
• 1924 – In Spain, the government pardons the murderers of Eduardo Dato, President of the Council of Ministers during the Restoration period.
• 1929 – A violent earthquake destroys the Venezuelan city of Cumaná.
• 1955 – In Panama, Ricardo Arias Espinosa becomes the new president.
• 1986 – Air crash in the jungles of El Petén in Guatemala, near the Maya ruins of Tikal. All 110 people on board, of various nationalities, die, including the Venezuelan politician Arístides Calvani and members of his family.
• 1997 – Three Spanish aid workers of the NGO Médicos del Mundo, Luis Valtueña, Flors Sirera and Manuel Madrazo, are murdered in Rwanda.
• 2019 – In Tlahuelilpan, Hidalgo, Mexico, a Pemex pipeline explodes. 130 people died and others were injured while trying to steal gasoline.
• 2021 – Death of Juan Carlos Tabío, Cuban screenwriter, writer and film director (b. 1943).