Template:On this day - January 10

Margaret of Austria

• 1429 – The Constitution of the Order of the Golden Fleece is created, commemorating the celebration in Bruges of the marriage between Philip III the Good and Duchess Isabella of Portugal.
• 1480 – Birth of Margaret of Austria, Governor General of the Netherlands and Burgundy, guardian of Charles I of Spain.
• 1503 – In Seville (Spain), the House of Trade of the Indies is created as a depository for goods imported from and exported to America, by royal decrees of 10 January and later of 14 February.
• 1514 – The Complutensian Polyglot Bible, the first multilingual edition, is published in Spain.
• 1544 – Viceroy Blasco Núñez de Vela arrives in Panama, sent by Charles I to put an end to the abuses committed by some conquistadors.
• 1601 – The Court of Philip III moves from Madrid to Valladolid, in accordance with an official order of the previous day.
• 1686 – Death of Ana Monteagudo Ponce de León, nun of the Viceroyalty of Peru (b. 1652).
• 1706 – Death of Luisa Roldán, Spanish sculptor (b. 1652).
• 1847 – The city of Los Angeles is occupied for the second and final time by American forces during the Mexican–American War, and is thus annexed to the United States.
• 1860 – Ezequiel Zamora, the main leader of the liberals in Venezuela, is assassinated (b. 1817).
• 1877 – Compulsory military service is established in Spain (four years of active service and four in the reserve).
• 1880 – On Cucaracha hill (Panama), the first charge of dynamite is set off to break through the mountain ranges of the isthmus and open the way for the waters of the interoceanic Panama Canal.
• 1889 – Death of Antonio Bachiller y Morales, Cuban historian, professor and bibliographer (b. 1812).
• 1918 – Death of María Dolores Rodríguez Sopeña, Spanish nun (b. 1848).
• 1957 – Death of Gabriela Mistral, Chilean poet, Nobel Prize in Literature laureate in 1945 (b. 1889).
• 1973 – The Spanish filmmaker Luis Buñuel receives in Hollywood the Oscar for Best Foreign Film for El discreto encanto de la burguesía.
• 1980 – In Mexico, a fire in Mexico City destroys the historic Tree of the Noche Triste, under which Hernán Cortés wept over his defeat in 1520.
• 1981 – In El Salvador, the Civil War begins with the offensive launched by the FMLN guerrillas (Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front).
• 1985 – In Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega takes office as president.
• 1995 – Juan Carlos I of Spain receives the Peace Prize of UNESCO.
• 2001 – In the United States, Nupedia (forerunner of Wikipedia) is made public.
• 2003 – Death of Ramón Sabatés, Spanish cartoonist (b. 1915).
• 2011 – Death of María Elena Walsh, Argentine poet, writer, musician, singer-songwriter, playwright and composer (b. 1930).
• 2012 – In Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega takes office as president for the third time.
• 2024 – Death of César Alierta, Spanish lawyer and businessman (b. 1945).