Template:On this day - February 9

Álvaro de Bazán

• 1552 – In Chile, the city of Santa María la Blanca de Valdivia is founded.
• 1588 – Death of Álvaro de Bazán, Spanish admiral, famous for his use of war galleons, for being the first to use marine infantry for amphibious operations, and for never having been defeated (b. 1526).
• 1601 – Philip III of Spain arrives with his court in Valladolid.
• 1724 – In Spain, the Cortes proclaim Louis I, son of Philip V, king.
• 1804 – Birth of Luis Candelas, Spanish bandit (d. 1837).
• 1822 – Haiti annexes the former Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, present-day Dominican Republic.
• 1827 – On the Uruguay River (between Argentina and Uruguay), the second day of the Battle of Juncal is fought, in which the Argentine Navy defeats that of the Empire of Brazil.
• 1913 – The Ten Tragic Days begin, an armed movement by which the Mexican President Francisco I. Madero is overthrown.
• 1926 – The seaplane Plus Ultra, crewed by Ramón Franco, Julio Ruiz de Alda, Juan Manuel Durán and Pablo Rada, arrives in Buenos Aires.
• 1929 – In Mexico, José de León Toral, assassin of President Álvaro Obregón, is executed.
• 1962 – Spain formalizes its first application to join the European Common Market.
• 1966 – In the Dominican Republic, the Government orders students machine-gunned during a demonstration demanding the withdrawal of the United States occupation troops. 12 students die.
• 1968 – Spain amends the Basic Law on the Autonomous Regime of Equatorial Guinea, a decisive step toward that country's independence.
• 1978 – Carmen Conde enters the Royal Spanish Academy, becoming the first woman to be a member of this institution.
• 2002 – In Écija (Seville), the Civil Guard seizes 200 000 pieces of an archaeological collection.
• 2003 – In Puerto Rico, the United States Navy announces its withdrawal from the Island of Vieques.