Template:On this day - February 2

Santiago Ramón y Cajal

• 506 – In the Visigothic Kingdom of Toulouse, Alaric II promulgates the Lex Romana Visigothorum (or Breviary of Alaric), which compiles the Roman law then in force.
• 850 – In Oviedo (present-day Spain), Ordoño I is crowned King of Asturias.
• 865 – Near Miranda de Ebro (present-day Spain), the Battle of Morcuera is fought, in which Muhammad I of Córdoba defeats Rodrigo of Castile.
• 1208 – Birth of James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon, of Valencia and of Majorca, Count of Barcelona, Count of Urgell, Lord of Montpellier and of other fiefs in Occitania (d. 1276).
• 1428 – In Spain, the Catalonia earthquake occurs, with its epicenter near Camprodón.
• 1512 – Hatuey, a Taíno cacique, dies at the stake, executed by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, first Governor of Cuba (b. 1478).
• 1518 – In Valladolid (Spain), the Cortes of Castile agree on the incorporation of the Kingdoms of the Indies into the Crown of Castile.
• 1529 – In New Granada (present-day Colombia), Ambrosio Alfinger, at the head of the expedition of the Welser family, lands at Santa Marta. This event begins the Welser colonizing venture, which will end in complete failure.
• 1536 – On the Río de la Plata, the Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds the port of Nuestra Señora María del Buen Aire, where the city of Buenos Aires now stands.
• 1543 – Ruy López de Villalobos begins the colonization of the Philippine Archipelago, so named in honor of Prince Philip of Spain.
• 1737 – A terrible fire, called the "Great Fire", devastates the city of Panama.
• 1814 – The Spanish Cortes establish a series of measures in view of the imminent return of Ferdinand VII, in order to prevail over the absolutist monarch. Thus the Regency sets the itinerary the monarch must follow on his return, the honors with which he must be received and the oath to the Constitution of 1812 as a prior step to his recognition.
• 1841 – In San Salvador, capital city of El Salvador, a Constituent Assembly proclaims the separation of El Salvador from the Federal Republic of Central America.
• 1848 – By the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico cedes to the United States more than half of its territory, which comprised the whole of what are now the states of California, Arizona, Nevada and Utah, as well as parts of Colorado, New Mexico and Wyoming, establishing the Río Bravo del Norte as the dividing line.
• 1851 – In Guatemala, the Battle of La Arada is fought, in which the forces led by the Guatemalan general Rafael Carrera y Turcios defeat the invading coalition of El Salvador and Honduras.
• 1892 – In Madrid (Spain), Santiago Ramón y Cajal is appointed full professor of Histology and Pathological Anatomy at the University of Madrid.
• 1900 – In the Philippines, the American authorities announce their plans for the administration of the islands, highlighting the appropriation of the archipelago since the Filipinos "are not prepared for independence".
• 1963 – In Biblián (Ecuador), more than 100 children die when a school building collapses.
• 2013 – Death of Lino Oviedo, major general and politician, who took part in the 1989 Paraguayan coup d'état (b. 1943).
• 2014 – In the presidential elections in El Salvador, none of the candidates obtains the votes needed to be proclaimed the winner.