Template:On this day - February 14

María Luisa Gabriela of Savoy

• 269 – Valentine of Rome is beheaded for marrying soldiers to their betrothed in the dungeons of the prisons of the Roman Empire at the time when Christianity was banned by Claudius II.
• 1502 – In Spain, the Catholic Monarchs sign in Medina del Campo the Pragmatic of Conversion, a legal text that gave the Muslims subject to the Crown of Castile two options: conversion or exile.
• 1503 – In Seville (Spain), the House of Trade of the Indies is created as a depository for goods imported from and exported to America, by royal decrees of 10 January and 14 February.
• 1530 – In Michoacán (New Spain), the Spanish conquistador Nuño de Guzmán orders the Caltzontzin Tangáxuan II burned at the stake.
• 1542 – In the Atemajac Valley (New Spain), Nuño de Guzmán carries out the fourth (definitive) founding of New Galicia (now known in Mexico as Aguascalientes, Jalisco and Zacatecas).
• 1613 – Death of John Baptist of the Conception, Spanish cleric and ascetic and mystic writer, founder of the Order of Discalced Trinitarians (b. 1561).
• 1619 – In Trujillo (Viceroyalty of Peru), an earthquake devastates the city and its surroundings. The city had to be completely rebuilt.
• 1655 – In the Captaincy General of Chile, a Mapuche rebellion under the command of the Toqui Clentaru lays waste to the Spanish estates from the Bio-Bio to the Maule.
• 1701 – Birth of Enrique Flórez, historian, translator, geographer, chronologist, epigraphist, numismatist, palaeographer, bibliographer and archaeologist of the Spanish Enlightenment (d. 1773).
• 1714 – Death of María Luisa Gabriela of Savoy, Queen consort of Spain since 1701.
• 1779 – In Puerto de Santa María (Spain), the bridge over the Guadalete River is inaugurated; it breaks under the weight of the crowd, and 413 people die.
• 1797 – The Battle of Cape Saint Vincent takes place between the British and Spanish fleets.
• 1831 – In Cuilapan de Guerrero, Oaxaca, Mexico, the national hero and 2nd constitutional President Vicente Guerrero is executed by firing squad.
• 1879 – The War of the Pacific breaks out when Chilean troops land at Antofagasta, a Bolivian city.
• 1914 – Birth of Maevia Noemí Correa, Argentine botanist, researcher, curator and professor (d. 2005).
• 1935 – In Barcelona (Spain), the film La Dolorosa, based on the zarzuela of the same name and starring Rosita Díaz Gimeno and Agustín Godoy, premieres with great success.
• 1936 – In Seville (Spain), the Cuban aviator Antonio Menéndez Peláez successfully completes the transatlantic flight Cuba – Spain.
• 1948 – Argentina and Venezuela sign a treaty for the exchange of meat for oil.
• 1952 – Death of Simeón Ola, leader of the Philippine Revolution and the last general to surrender to the American forces during the Philippine–American War (b. 1865).
• 1972 – Mexico and China establish diplomatic relations.
• 1996 – In the Law Faculty of the Autonomous University of Madrid, the terrorist group ETA murders the jurist, historian, professor and writer Francisco Tomás y Valiente in his office.
• 2005 – For the first time in fossils from the Iberian Peninsula, the DNA of Neanderthals is obtained and sequenced.
• 2006 – In the camps of southwestern Algeria, floods leave more than 50,000 Sahrawi refugees homeless.
• 2021 – Death of Carlos Menem, lawyer and politician, President of Argentina from 1989 to 1999 (b. 1930).