Template:On this day - April 9

Alejandro Malaspina

• 1548 – The Battle of Jaquijahuana takes place, in which the forces of Gonzalo Pizarro and the royalist forces led by Pedro de la Gasca clash in the struggle to control the recently founded Viceroyalty of Peru.
• 1609 – In Antwerp, the Spanish Empire and the United Provinces of the Netherlands sign the Twelve Years' Truce.
• 1618 – Birth of Agustín Moreto, Spanish Baroque playwright of the Golden Age (d. 1669).
• 1682 – The explorer René Robert Cavelier de La Salle discovers the mouth of the Mississippi River and names it Louisiana in honor of the "Sun King".
• 1767 – After the Esquilache Riots, an edict is published ordering the immediate expulsion of all Jesuits, following the Portuguese example of 1759 and the French of 1762.
• 1809 – Death of Luis Gutiérrez, Spanish writer, journalist and adventurer (b. 1771).
• 1809 – Death of Alejandro Malaspina, Italian nobleman and naval officer in the service of the Royal Spanish Navy (b. 1754).
• 1828 – In Colombia, the Convention of Ocaña opens with the aim of reforming the Constitution of Cúcuta and resolving the problems of the republic.
• 1867 – In Argentina, the Battle of Pozo de Vargas takes place between the federal forces of the caudillo Felipe Varela and those of the centralist Porteño government, led by General Antonino Taboada, on the outskirts of the city of La Rioja.
• 1904 – Death of Isabella II, Spanish queen called "of the Sad Destinies" or "the Castizo Queen" (b. 1830).
• 1914 – In the city of Tampico (Mexico), U.S. sailors from the warship Dolphin are arrested, giving rise to the so-called Tampico Incident.
• 1915 – Birth of Magdalena Sánchez, Venezuelan singer of folk music, known in her country as La Reina del Cantar Venezolano (d. 2005).
• 1933 – The Peruvian president Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro repeals the constitution of 1920 promulgated by Augusto Leguía.
• 1948 – In Bogotá (Colombia), the liberal politician and presidential candidate Jorge Eliécer Gaitán is assassinated, an event that unleashes the revolt known as El Bogotazo.
• 1952 – In Bolivia, Víctor Paz Estenssoro leads the Bolivian Revolution of 1952, popularly known as the National Revolution.
• 1977 – In Spain, Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez legalizes the Communist Party, one of the major milestones of the transition to democracy.
• 1984 – In The Hague (Netherlands), the socialist Government of Nicaragua asks the UN International Court of Justice to open legal proceedings against the United States for its economic and logistical support to the Contras.
• 2006 – In Peru, Ollanta Humala and Alan García go through to a runoff in the 2006 general elections, leaving out Lourdes Flores Nano by a scant 64,000 votes.