Template:On this day - April 5

Saint Vincent Ferrer

• 891 – At Aguilar de la Frontera (present-day Spain), the Battle of the Castle of Poley is fought, in which the forces of Abdallah, Emir of Córdoba, defeat those of Hafsun, an Andalusi caudillo of Hispano-Gothic origin.
• 1315 – Birth of James III of Majorca, known as "the Bold", King of Majorca, Count of Roussillon and Cerdanya, and Lord of Montpellier (d. 1349).
• 1419 – Death of Saint Vincent Ferrer, Spanish Dominican, missionary, thaumaturge and preacher, who gained great recognition as a logician and philosopher (b. 1350).
• 1818 – Near Santiago de Chile, secessionist forces led by José de San Martín defeat the royalists at the Battle of Maipú, securing the independence of Chile.
• 1823 – On the hills of Ochomogo (about 17 km east of the Town of San José de Costa Rica), the republicans defeat the (pro-Mexican) imperialists at the Battle of Ochomogo, the most important of the First Costa Rican Civil War.
• 1866 – Birth of Francisco Acebal, Spanish writer and journalist (d. 1933).
• 1879 – Chile declares war on Bolivia and Peru (War of the Pacific).
• 1910 – The Trans-Andean Railway is inaugurated, linking the Chilean city of Los Andes with the Argentine city of Mendoza.
• 1911 – In Mexico, the revolutionary general Emiliano Zapata takes the town of Chiautla, freeing all the prisoners, among them Jesús Morales "El Tuerto".
• 1926 – The Elcano Squadron completes the flight between Madrid (Spain) and Manila (Philippines).
• 1935 – Death of Juan Picasso González, Spanish soldier, investigating officer of the military inquiry Expediente Picasso (b. 1857).
• 1938 – Birth of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, politician and 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010.
• 1938 – In the course of the Spanish Civil War, after the entry of the rebel troops into Lérida (Catalonia), Franco declares the Statute of Autonomy abolished.
• 1952 – The Francoist Spanish Cortes approve the Badajoz Plan.
• 1962 – Death of Alfredo Kindelán, Spanish soldier and aviator (b. 1879).
• 1969 – Death of Rómulo Gallegos, writer and politician considered the most important Venezuelan novelist of the 20th century, who became president of Venezuela in 1948 with the highest percentage of votes in the country's history, and who was overthrown by the 1948 coup d'état (b. 1884).
• 1992 – In Peru, President Alberto Fujimori dissolves both Chambers of the Congress of the Republic, with the support of the Armed Forces.
• 1996 – Death of Encarna Sánchez, Spanish radio and television journalist and announcer (b. 1935).
• 2013 – Death of Bigas Luna, Spanish filmmaker (b. 1946).
• 2014 – Death of Óscar Avilés, Peruvian guitarist, singer, composer and music producer (b. 1924).
• 2018 – Panama withdraws its ambassador from Venezuela after Caracas decided to break off economic relations for a period of 90 days with some 60 Panamanian companies and persons, among them the Panamanian president, Juan Carlos Valera.